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Spreading and choking : ウィキペディア英語版
Trap (printing)

Trap on a press is the ability of a printed ink to accept the next printed ink compared to how well paper accepts that ink. Registration is when all printed images are lined up over one another.
Trapping is a term originally used as a measure of how well one ink printed on top of another. With the advent of Pre-press Software the term was misused to describe the compensation for misregistration between printing units on a multicolor press that was traditionally known as "Chokes and Spreads". This misregistration causes unsightly gaps or white-space on the final printed work. Trapping involves creating overlaps (spreads) or underlaps (chokes) of objects during the print production process to eliminate misregistration on the press.〔http://www.adobe.com/studio/print/pdf/trappingwp1.pdf〕
==Background==
Misregistration in the graphical workflow may be caused by a number of reasons:
inaccuracies in the image setter,
instability of the image carrier (e.g., stretch in film or plate),
inaccuracy in the film-to-plate or film-to-film copying steps,
instability of the press,
instability of the final media, and
human error.
These inaccuracies are inherent to the graphical production process and although they can be minimized, they will never completely disappear - any mechanical process will always show some margin of error. The small gaps showing up as a result can, however, be hidden by creating overlaps between two adjacent colors.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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